柯基‧時光-The Corgi Times

美國PWCCA對科基犬遺傳問題的建議
From the Genetics Committee of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club of America, Inc.

本文翻譯自美國潘布魯克威爾斯柯基犬協會網站
http://www.pembrokecorgi.org/genetics.html

犬髖關節狗友會(www.dogchd.net)泡泡拔 阮振維譯

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a true dwarf (achondroplastic) breed. Therefore, despite the Pembroke's smaller size, Pems are proportionally built just like the larger, "normal sized" dogs. Fortunately, in the United States the genetic pool is quite large, giving breeders options to avoid known genetic problems such as long coats (fluffies), mismarks (whitelies or bluies), monorchidism, hip dysplasia and inherited eye problems such as progressive retinal atrophy.

科基犬可以算是一種侏儒品種,不過儘管牠的體型偏小,整體比例上來看,牠其實可被歸類為中型犬!幸運的是,在美國潘布魯克的遺傳多樣性維持得很好,讓育種者能夠藉由篩選來避免一些潘布魯克常見的遺傳問題:如長毛,毛色標記異常,生殖異常,髖關節發育不全與進行性視網膜退化等遺傳性眼疾.

Members of the PWCCA are bound by the club's Code of Ethics, which calls for breeding only animals of sound temperament and structure, with clear/normal hips and eyes, and clear of other known inherited problems. When evaluating a breeder and considering the purchase of a puppy, do not hesitate to ask questions such as:

PWCCA的會員皆被特定的倫理守則所規範,被用來進行繁殖的犬隻必須有幾項基本的要求:穩定的性格,不會被噪音引發躁動的情緒,正常的髖關節與眼睛,必須沒有已知的基因缺陷!當您想購買一隻柯基犬時,請謹慎的評估這位繁殖者是否遵守以上規定,並且記得一定要問以下的幾個問題:

Are the sire and dam screened clear of hip dysplasia via an OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) evaluation?

種公與種母是否經過OFA認證,確定沒有髖關節發育不良的問題?

Are the eyes certified clear of inherited conditions by a veterinary opthamologist?

眼睛中央是否清澈健康, 經由獸醫檢查是否沒有遺傳疑慮?

Describe the temperament of both the sire and dam. Any noise sensitivity or other observed fears? How do they react to new situations?

請詢問種公種母是否不對噪音感到害怕,對新環境的適應能力良好!

What other inherited conditions are found in Pembrokes? (Hint: if the answer is "none"-that's not the right answer!) Does the breeder openly talk about reproductive issues, cancer and autoimmune diseases, hips and eyes?

請詢問繁殖者潘布魯克是否有常見的遺傳疾病?(如果您得到的答案是"沒有",那將是錯誤的答案,表示這位繁殖者並不具備有良好的繁殖知識!)繁殖者是否明白的向您提起潘布魯克可能會有遺傳性的生殖異常,癌症,自體免疫疾病,髖關節發育不全與視網膜退化性疾病?

A survey of PWCCA members produced the following list of top genetic issues in the breed:

PWCCA的成員針對潘布魯克列出下表,提醒大家最需要被注意的幾項遺傳議題:

Hip dysplasia
髖關節發育不全(CHD)
Eye problems: progressive retinal atrophy, retinal folds, persistent pupilarily membranes, cataracts
眼睛疾病:進行性視網膜退化,視網膜皺襞,永存性朣孔膜,白內障
Cancer and autoimmune system problems (including underactive and overactive immune systems)
癌症與自體免疫疾病
Reproductive problems: uterine inertia during whelping, sterility in males (related to autoimmune problems?)
生殖系統異常

What should a prospective buyer or breeder do to increase their odds of avoiding genetic problems?

一個好的繁殖者或買家該如何避免遺傳問題的發生?

Be realistic. There are more unknowns in canine genetic research than hard facts. It is a buyer/breeder beware world. Look around and ask questions. Pembrokes typically live 12-15 years. Healthy, active, alert Pembrokes are a positive indication of a solid genetic background. Only by asking questions, observing firsthand, and being realistic will you gain insight into the genetics of the line of Pembrokes you are considering. There are no easy answers, and no substitute for observation, questions, and above all else, realism.

就現實層面來說,仍然有許多未知的遺傳問題沒有被解答!因此這是一個買家與賣家都必須格外小心的年代.多看多問會是不錯的方式！柯基犬一般可以活12-15年,健康-活潑-機靈的潘布魯克是其健全遺傳背景的正向指標!唯有藉由多問問題,直接的觀察並且確實的探查犬隻內在的遺傳資訊,才能盡量避免可能發生的問題!將不會有一個簡單的答案告訴我們該如何達到這個目標,實事求是的多觀察多詢問將是我們現階段必須踏實去執行的!!

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